In electric steelmaking slag is a by-product of smelting metallic base material (scrap, pig iron, hot-metal, HBI / DRI) to separate the metallic fraction from the unwanted fraction. It can usually be considered to be a mixture of metal oxides and silicon dioxide. However, slags can contain metal sulfides and metal atoms in the elemental form. While slags are generally used as a removal mechanism for unwanted phases or elements in metal smelting, they can also serve other purposes, such as assisting in the temperature control of the smelting; or minimizing any re-oxidation of the final liquid metal product before the molten metal is removed from the furnace and used to make solid metal.
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