A study of phytochemical properties of various extracts of Ammi majus fruit using GC-MS technique

摘要

Diversity of plants and tendency of society toward using natural materials for disease treatment has raised researchers' interest in screening of herbal extracts. The purpose of the present research is to study the chemical compounds in various extracts of Ammi majus fruit with regard to various applications of this fruit in disease treatment. This empirical study was carried out on Ammi majus fruit gathered from its natural habitat in Lorestan province. Side-grafting technique was used to prepare methanol and n-Hexane extracts from this fruit, column chromatography with suitable solvents for each extract was used to separate constituents and finally, GC-MS device was used to identify the compounds in these extracts. Overall, 43 compounds were identified in n-Hexane extract of Ammi majus fruit; the major compounds included unsaturated fatty acid with a double bond (oleic acid) (10.02), saturated fatty acid (palmitic acid) (2.25), methoxsalen (2.43) and pimpinelline (1.24). Moreover, 21 compounds were identified in methanol extract of this fruit and highest percentages belonged to oleic acid (14.8), methoxsalen (13.04), pimpinelline (5.63) and bergapten (1.39). The present study demonstrated that the amount of oleic acid and furanocoumarinssuch as methoxsalen, pimpinelline and vitamin E in methanol and n-Hexane extracts of Ammi majus fruit are more, compared with other studies. This might be due to climatic and environmental factors such as water, soil, light, etc.