A Proposal to Standardize Permeation by Iontophoresis Technic without Applying Inversion of Phase

摘要

Iontophoresis is a non-invasive technique that uses an externally applied small electrical potential difference to provide a controlled way to increase the transdermal transference of a variety of active agents with poor absorption/permeation through the skin. The aims of this research were (1) to determine if the inversion of phase was indicated during the performance of the iontophoresis; (2) standardize the time for ionization and (3) to propose the adequate frequency and polarity to reach different skin layers. Observing the depth and intensity of China ink (pH 7.8 + 0.2) transferred through the layers of ex vivo human tissues from the abdominal area, it was possible to show that the inversion of phases was not a viable methodology to increase the permeation of active agents, and it could even decrease the quality of permeation of a conduction that started correctly.