From raising alarms to sound practices: the impacts of water sector reforms on communities in Tanzania

摘要

This article examines the process of institutional reforms in the water sector in Tanzania and its impact on the ground. Information for this article was obtained through in-depth interviews, observation and focus group discussions. The findings revealed that although the system of water permits has improved water accessibility to the owners of water use permits, on the other hand the system has failed to guarantee water accessibility to the poor- non holders of water use permits. Water User associations (WUAs) to a large extent, are operating through the formalization of traditional rules and practices. Though WUAs are promising to be good vehicles for attracting and mobilizing resources for expansion and maintenance of water systems, the process is very gradual such that it fails to cater for the needs of the expanding population. This article recommends that the current institutional arrangements for water governance at the community level need to be given a new impetus such that they fairly accommodate all members of the community.