Purpose. Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) can cause anemia in immunocompromised patients. We aimed to investigate the presence of B19V in HIV+ adults with different CD4+ Tcell counts, to recognise the frequency of B19V in these different conditions and its possible association with anemia. Methodology. We studied B19V specific lgM, lgG and DNA in 98 HIV+ patients and in 52 healthy individuals. HIV load, CD4+ counts and haemoglobin level were also determined in the patients. Results. No individual in the control group had detectable lgM, 41/52 (78.8) had IgG and 5/52 (9.6) had B19V DNA. Among HIV+ patients, we found 5/98 (5.1 ) lgM+, 66/98 (67.3) lgG+ and 15/98 (15.3) had B19V DNA (no significant differences between the two groups compared). Considering the CD4+ cell range in HIV patients, 37 had 500. Anti-B19V lgG prevalence in patients with >500CD4+ cells ml"1 was significantly higher than in the rest (P=0.004) and compared to the control (P=0.046). B19V DNA concentration was always <103IUml-1 including 5 healthy individuals and 15 HIV+ patients. There was no significant association between B19V IgM or DNA and anemia nor between B19V DNA and HIV load. Conclusions. The results indicate that B19V is not a high-risk factor for anemia in adult HIV+ patients under HAART treatment. Further studies will contribute to elucidate the mechanisms and significance of B19V DNA prevalence/persistence in adults, independently of the CD4+ cell status.
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