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Dynamic wormholes

机译:动态虫洞

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摘要

A new framework is proposed for general dynamic wormholes, unifying them with black holes. Both are generically defined locally by outer trapping horizons, temporal for worm-holes and spatial or null for black and white holes. Thus wormholehorizons are two-way traversible, while blackhole and whitehole horizons are only one-way traversible. It follows from the Einstein equation that the null energy condition is violated everywhere on a generic wormhole horizon. It is suggested that quantum inequalities constraining negative energy break down at such horizons. Wormhole dynamics can be developed as for blackhole dynamics, including a reversed second law and a first law involving a definition of wormhole surface gravity. Since the causal nature of a horizon can change, being spatial under positive energy and temporal under sufficient negative energy, blackholes and wormholes are interconvertible. In particular, if a wormhole's negative-energy source fails, it may collapse into a blackhole. Conversely, irradiating a blackhole horizon with negative energy could convert it into a wormhole horizon. This also suggests a possible final state of blackhole evaporation: a stationary wormhole. The new framework allows a fully dynamical description of the operation of a wormhole for practical transport, including the back-reaction of the transported matter on the wormhole. As an example of a matter model, a Klein-Gordon field with negative gravitational coupling is a source for a static wormhole of Morris and Thorne.
机译:提出了一个针对一般动态虫洞的新框架,将其与黑洞统一。两者通常由外部陷印层在局部定义,蠕虫孔是临时性的,黑洞和白孔是空间性的或空值。因此,虫洞水平是双向可穿越的,而黑洞和白洞层位仅是双向可穿越的。从爱因斯坦方程式可以得出,零星能量条件在一般的虫洞视野中到处都是违反的。建议限制负能量的量子不等式在这种视界下分解。蠕虫动力学可以像黑洞动力学一样发展,包括逆第二定律和涉及蠕虫表面重力定义的第一定律。由于地平线的因果性质可以改变,在正能量下是空间的,在足够负能量下是时间的,因此黑洞和虫洞是可互换的。特别是,如果虫洞的负能量源发生故障,它可能会塌陷成黑洞。相反,用负能量照射黑洞视界可将其转换为虫洞视界。这也暗示了黑洞蒸发的最终状态:静止的虫洞。新的框架允许对虫孔的操作进行完全动态的描述,以进行实际运输,包括被运输物质在虫孔上的后反应。作为物质模型的一个例子,重力负耦合的Klein-Gordon场是Morris和Thorne的静态虫洞的来源。

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