Polyurethane-functionalized starch nanoparticles for the purification of biodiesel

摘要

Polyurethane-functionalized starch nanoparticles (PUFSNPs) have been synthesized by chemical modification of polyhydroxylated starch nanocrystals (SNC) with aliphatic and aromatic diisocyanates. The covalent attachment of the diisocyanates to the backbone of SNC for the formation of starch-derived nanopolyurethane polymers was unambiguously determined by FTIR and NMR spectroscopy. PUFSNPs were entirely obtained from SNC with yields ranging from 41.5 to 86.0 wt and their size distribution, size, porosity and morphology were determined by dynamic light scattering (DLS), high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) adsorption techniques. The size and surface area of the cyclic aliphatic-based PUFSNP (NPU4) is 27 nm and 52.64m(2)g(-1), respectively, indicating one of the potential and promising biodegradable materials for the adsorption of acid impurities and contaminants that are found in crude biodiesel. The acid content of the biodiesel is remarkably reduced by 32-39 with PUFSNPs while 7-18 with their corresponding bulk materials. (c) 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2017, 134, 44463.