Kinetic theory is regarded as a phenomenological theory of macroscopic physical systems. The kinetic equations are constructed as continuity (Liouville) equations corresponding to the time evolution equations of a representative particle subjected to averaged, effective forces. Through the effective forces the unique character of the systems under consideration is expressed. The phenomenological kinetic theory is validated by establishing its relationship to equilibrium thermodynamics and hydrodynamics. A unified approach to the study of relations among dynamical theories formulated on different levels is proposed.
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