Graphene-encapsulated copper nanoparticles (GECNs) can be applied in the wood protection industry. In this study, a simple thermal treatment was applied to a mixture of kraft lignin and copper sulfate for the synthesis of GECNs. The effect of temperature, duration time, temperature rising ramp, and argon gas flow rate were investigated on the quality of the GECNs. Temperature was found to be the most important factor in the growth of graphene; high temperature was preferred to obtain less defective graphene shells. Gas flow rate, duration time, and temperature rising ramp had less effect. The optimum synthesis parameters were proposed as 1000 degrees C, 30-min duration time, 20 degrees C/min temperature rising ramp, and 1200-sccm argon gas flow rate. Results showed that postheat treatment was a feasible way to improve the crystallinity of graphite.
展开▼
