A domain model for the twin variant and magnetic domain distribution in bulk systems of ferromagnetic shape-memory materials hasbeen developed. The approach combines crystal elasticity, compatibility of a twinned microstructure with a tetragonal lattice structure,and micromagnetic domain theory. The model is applied to calculate phase diagrams under external magnetic fields and stresses for Ni-Mn–Ga as a magnetic system with easy-axis anisotropy and for Fe–Pd with easy-plane 4-fold anisotropies.
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