Twenty-six patients are described who had otherwise unexplained hepatitis after halothane anaesthesia. Twenty-four (92 per cent) had multiple exposures, and 11 (42 per cent) died. In eight patients a characteristic pattern of delayed postoperative pyrexia has been found. Obesity was common, but the clinical features and complications were those of any severe hepatitis. Obesity, early onset of jaundice after anaesthesia, and low thrombotest, were associated with a fatal outcome. None of those who were followed up after recovery developed clinical or biochemical evidence of chronic liver disease. The differential diagnosis of postoperative jaundice is discussed, and it is shown that halothane patients with hepatic encephalopathy are significantly older (56.4±11.6 years) than those referred to this unit with viral hepatitis of equal severity (34.1±16.4 years). Unexplained jaundice or delayed pyrexia after a previous administration of halothane should be a contraindication to its further us
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