Effect of reactant ratio and temperature on the characteristics of phenol–formaldehyde foams

摘要

AbstractThis study presents experimental results on the preparation and characteristics of high‐density phenol–formaldehyde foams and compares their characteristics with the available patent literature. An extrapolation of the data has been used to identify the relevant process parameters used for the preparation of lower‐density foams. The effect of catalyst combination and phenol formaldehyde molar ratio on the ease of foaming and its ultimate strength has been investigated. A total solids refractive index correlation has been developed for following the reaction. The effect of foaming temperature on the density and strength of the foam was also st