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Herbicide penetration across isolated and intact leaf cuticles

机译:除草剂渗透到孤立和完整的叶片角质层

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AbstractPenetration of four herbicides (atrazine, diclofop‐methyl, dinoseb and glyphosate‐mono(isopropylammonium) salt) was followed through isolated pear leaf cuticles into agar and across intact cuticles of Argenteum (ARG) mutant pea leaves from monosized droplets (300 μ diam.) during 48 h following application. Penetration into pea leaves ranged from low for glyphosatemono(isopropylammonium) (5 of amount applied) and atrazine (14) to rapid for dinoseb (91) and diclofop‐methyl (82). A major proportion (90) of the dinoseb retained in the tissues underlying the site of droplet application migrated across the cuticle and the epidermal layer of cells. In contrast, only a small proportion (13) of the dinoseb entering the leaf was transported to the tissues surrounding the treatment zone. Corresponding values for diclofop‐methyl were 61 and 4 respectively. Initially, dinoseb also penetrated rapidly through isolated pear leaf cuticles, 36 of the applied dose being recovered in an agar receiver disc 4 h after treatment, but subsequent uptake was slower. Penetration of glyphosate‐mono(isopropylammonium) also decreased after 4 h whereas atrazine and diclofop‐methyl diffused steadily through isolated cuticles up to 216 h after treatment. The incorporation of ‘Tween 20’ or ‘Agral 90’ (1 g litre−1) into the formulation reduced the penetration of glyphosate‐mono(isopropylammonium) through iso
机译:摘要在施用后48 h内,将四种除草剂(莠去津、双氯磷-甲基、地诺塞和草甘膦-单(异丙基铵)盐)通过分离的梨叶角质层渗透到琼脂中,并穿过单一大小的液滴(直径300 μ)的Argenteum(ARG)突变豌豆叶的完整角质层。草甘膦单(异丙基铵)(占施用量的5%)和莠去津(14%)对豌豆叶片的渗透率较低,地诺塞(91%)和甲基双氯磷(82%)的渗透率较高。大部分(90%)保留在液滴施用部位的组织中的dinoseb迁移到细胞的角质层和表皮层。相比之下,只有一小部分(13%)进入叶子的dinoseb被输送到治疗区周围的组织。双氯磷-甲基的相应值分别为61%和4%。最初,dinoseb也迅速渗透到分离的梨叶角质层中,36%的施用剂量在处理后4小时在琼脂接收器盘中恢复,但随后的摄取较慢。草甘膦-单(异丙基铵)的渗透在4小时后也降低,而莠去津和双氯磷-甲基在处理后216小时通过分离的角质层稳定扩散。在配方中加入“吐温 20”或“Agral 90”(1 克升-1)可减少草甘膦-单(异丙基铵)通过异丙基膦的渗透

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