Relationship between radar reflectivity factor (Z) and snowfall rate (R) is important in analyzing radiowave attenuation and propagation. In this paper, a new snowfall observation system and techniques are proposed to determine the detailed Z - R relation for snowfall. The instruments used in this study include a microwave radar, an optical lidar, an imaging system and a high accuracy electronic balance. Effects of size distribution and fall velocity of snow particles on the Z - R relationship were examined. The best-fit Z - R relation for each snowfall event was calculated. The lidar backscatter was used as main indicator of transitions in cloud conditions.
展开▼