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Lugworm (Arenicola cristata) larvae in toxicity tests: Survival and development when exposed to organotins

机译:Lugworm (Arenicola cristata) larvae in toxicity tests: Survival and development when exposed to organotins

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AbstractA test is described for the exposure of the lugwormArenicola cristatato toxicants. Embryos ofA. cristatawere exposed for 96 and 168 h to bis(triphenyltin) oxide (TPTO), triphenyltin chloride (TPTC), bis(tri‐n‐butyltin) oxide (TBTO) and tributyltin acetate (TBTA). The toxic effects were death and abnormal development of larvae. Concentrations that killed all animals were 4 μg L−1(96 h) and 2 μg L−1(168 h) TPTO; 10 μg L−1(96 h) and 5 μg L−1(168 h) TPTC; 4μg L−1(96 h) TBTO; and 10 μg L−1(96 h) and 5 μg L−1(168 h) TBTA. Abnormal morphology was caused by 0.75 μg L−1TPTO, 1 μg L−1TPTC and 5 μg L−1TBTA. Several developmental stages, from embryo to swimming larva, were exposed to TPTO. The most sensitive stages were early trochophore and early settled stage. The range of concentrations between 100 survival and 100 mortality was narrow in all tests. The exposure system is

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