The C=O stretching frequencies of 32 5,6-polymethylenepyrimidin-4(3H)-one (1a–1w) andcis-5,6-polymethylene-5,6-dihydropyrimidin-4(3H)-one (2a–2h) derivatives were measured in tetrachlormethane and in chloroform and correlated with the substituent constantsX+(R) in the sense of the modified and extendedSeth-Paul-Van Duyseequation. It was found that the C=O stretching frequency and the transmission of substituent effects through the heterocyclic ring are significantly influenced by the size of the fused hydrocarbon ring. Evidence was obtained that in molecules linked by intermolecular hydrogen bonds the substituent effects are transmitted to the C=O group predominantly via the C=N−C=C part of the pyrimidinone ring. In the free molecules the transmission of substituent effects takes place mainly through the NH
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