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The Past 40 Years of Macromolecular Sciences: Reflections on Challenges in Synthetic Polymer and Material Science

机译:高分子科学的过去40年:对合成聚合物和材料科学挑战的思考

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摘要

Technology and science are often successful in discontinuities ("disruptive innovations" or "leapfrogging"), in turn allowing true, big societal development by entire changes in technology rather than by minuscule stepwise improvements. Examples are the emergence of modern computer science by inventing the field-effect transistor rather than further fine-tuning the "R?hrentransistor"; the development of (organic) light-emitting diodes in advance of the "Gasglühstrumpf"; CRISPR/Cas exceeding any previous genetic method or Ziegler-Natta polymerization enabling stereoregular polypropylene (PP) and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) in advance of freeradical polymerization. Where may the frogs in polymer science in the future "jump" to? Contemplating past achievements in (synthetic) polymer science, such as living polymerization, "click" chemistry, supramolecular chemistry, the potentially "leaping" areas of self-healing and (bio)degradable materials, amyloids, and biomaterials are reflected upon.
机译:技术和科学往往在不连续性(“颠覆性创新”或“跨越式”)中取得成功,反过来又通过技术的整体变化而不是微小的逐步改进来实现真正的、巨大的社会发展。例如,现代计算机科学的出现是通过发明场效应晶体管而不是进一步微调“R?hrentransistor”而出现的;在“Gasglühstrumpf”之前开发(有机)发光二极管;CRISPR/Cas 超越了以前的任何遗传方法或 Ziegler-Natta 聚合,可在自由基聚合之前实现立体规则聚丙烯 (PP) 和高密度聚乙烯 (HDPE)。未来高分子科学中的青蛙会“跳”到哪里去?思考过去在(合成)高分子科学方面的成就,如活聚合、“点击”化学、超分子化学、自我修复和(生物)可降解材料、淀粉样蛋白和生物材料的潜在“飞跃”领域。

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