Renal pelvic and ureteric surgery

摘要

Surgery of the renal pelvis and ureter has undergone revolutionary advances in the past decade. The development of suitable endoscopes, access techniques, energy delivery systems and the popular acceptance of novel surgical approaches such as laparoscopy have led to the widespread adoption of minimally invasive surgery. However, evaluation of the long-term results of these techniques must be undertaken and compared with those of more traditional surgical methods. The role of ureteric stenting and surgery to bridge lower-ureteric defects also continues to evolve.