The calibration of constitutive models is considered as an optimization problem where parameter values aresought to minimize the discrepancy between measured andsimulated response. Since a finite element method is used tosolve an underlying state equation, discretization errors arise,which induce errors in the calibrated parameter values. In thispaper, adaptive mesh refinement based on the pertinent dualsolution is used in order to reduce discretization errors in thecalibrated material parameters. By a sensitivity assessment,the influence from uncertainties in experimental data is estimated,which serves as a threshold under which there is noneed to further reduce the discretization error. The adaptivestrategy is employed to calibrate a viscoelasticity model withobserved data from uniaxial compression (i.e., homogeneousstress state), where the FE-discretization in time is studied.The a posteriori error estimations show an acceptable qualityin terms of effectivity measures.
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