The ecological and biological factors which may influence flowering of caraway were investigated. Temperature and the length of the induction had a role in flower initiation. Among the examined variations, seven weeks of cold temperatures (8°C day and 5°C night) proved to be the optimal for flowering (100). Shorter periods of cold temperatures (1–2 weeks) or higher temperature regimes (15°C day and 10°C night) induced only partial flowering (18–80). Root stocks with a diameter below 8 mm seem to require longer vernalization. Morphological characteristics of the flowers were also affected by temperatures and photoperiod. Short day treatments (4 weeks of 10 h day and 14 h night) did not initiate flowering. The studied genotypes of biennial caraway all had similar reactions.
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