Intravenous midazolam for sedation of children undergoing proceduresAn analysis of age- and procedurehyphen;related factors

摘要

ObjectiveThis study was performed to determine the doses of midazolam used for sedation during procedures in children, and the frequency of adverse events.MethodsWe performed a retrospective analysis of data collected for a prospective study of flumazenil in children who had received midazolam for a procedure (n = 91, 1ndash;17 years).ResultsPractitioners used a wide range of total midazolam doses (0.03ndash;0.6 mg/kg); mean doses ranged from 0.09 plusmn; 0.06 mg/kg in adolescents to 0.26 plusmn; 0.13 mg/kg in toddlers (P 0.001). Opioids were also used in 84percnt; of patients. Twenty-six percent of children with normal lungs, most of whom had received relatively high opioid doses, developed decreased oxygen saturation (as low as 65percnt;) after sedation. Other adverse events included airway obstruction (n= 3) and vomiting (n= 1).ConclusionsThe frequent choice of midazolam, usually combined with an opioid, indicates its wide acceptance. Midazolam doses were inversely related to age. The presence of vomiting, airway obstruction, and decreased oxygen saturation underlines the importance of appropriate personnel, equipment, and monitors during sedation.