This paper reports the practical use of both actinometry and photometry for the evaluation of UV-intensity at 254 nm. A model is developed which takes into account the absorption of light according to Beer's law as well as the relative dimensions of both lamps and reactors. It applies to processes of first kinetic order and is fully confirmed by the analysis of the decay of the coliphage f2. A methodology for the design of iso-intensity reactors is developed. Extension of the model enables one to design multi-lamp systems with increased local intensity, that is the so-called positive reactor geometry. The proposed method can optimize and rationalize the concepts of synergistic use of ozone of hydrogen peroxide and UV-irradiation.
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