Stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) is one of the major nonlinear optical phenomenon that can degrade the performance of dense wavelength-division-multiplexed (DWDM) optical communication systems. By this effect, longer-wavelength channels are amplified at the expense of shorter-wavelength channels, and tilted spectral profile of the total transmission gain of the system is formed. In an amplified system, the amplifiers have to be designed to compensate the SRS-induced spectral tilt. The Raman gain profile Of single-mode fiber span is measured by using a simple technique to separate the Raman gain profile from the total loss profile of the fiber. An empirical model is developed to predict the Raman gain profile at any fiber length under various optical power levels. The application of the model in test and evaluation of gain-flattened optical fiber amplifiers is introduced.
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