Literature review and evaluation of the EPA food‐chain (Kenaga) nomogram, an instrument for estimating pesticide residues on plants

摘要

AbstractThe Kenaga nomogram is a simple device that was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in the early 1980s and is currently used to predict the maximum potential pesticide residue levels in the food chain of wildlife before pesticide registration. To evaluate the accuracy of this nomogram, predicted levels were compared to levels reported in the literature. Data (obtained from the UTAB database developed by the University of Oklahoma) demonstrated that day‐0 levels predicted by the nomogram were often exceeded. Data from the UTAB database exceeded the nomogram predictions by the following percentages listed by crop: short range grass, 0; leafy crops, 3; long grass, 4; pods/seeds, 8; fruits, 19; and forage (legumes), 22. Minor modification of the nomogram is recommended. Recommended modifications would result in an elevation of the predicted residue levels for fruits and forage (legume) crop