EFFECT OF DIFFERENT VENTILATION SYSTEMS ON AIR QUALITY, HEAT CONSUMPTION AND PSYCHO-PHYSICAL COMFORT IN MODERN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS (GERMAN EXPERIENCES)

摘要

The paper deals with practical projects of german residential buildings with various ventilation systems which realize thermal, humid and psycho-physical comfort. To work out such projects, the results of questionnaires and comprehensive experimental measurements were taken into account. For measurements, 22 identical residential houses in Germany were chosen where 4 various ventilation systems were installed: gravitational ventilation (window), air heating system, mechanical ventilation with in- and out-leading air elements and a function of heat recovery and mechanical ventilation with single ventilators. The following parameters were measured in houses: relative air humidity, concentration of CO_2 in the air, air temperature, consumption of electricity, consumption of gas, consumption of heat, working time of the window ventilation, working time of the mechanical ventilation and number of residents. The advantages and disadvantages of all four ventilation systems were outlined. Relationships between the ventilation type and heat consumption were discussed by taking into account opinions of residents.