The paper describes an attempt to model the sea#x2010;level response to external effects consisting of atmospheric pressure, air temperature, wind stress, and river discharge. The response is sought in two components #x2014; amplitude factor and phase lag, both as functions of frequency (from the low#x2010;frequency domain of 0.1 to 6 cycles per year) #x2014; and extrapolated to zero frequency. A zero#x2010;frequency permanent response can then be used to estimate the quasistationary (i.e., long#x2010;term mean) local contributions to sea#x2010;surface topography when the quasistationary departures of the external effects are known.
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