Enzymatic synthesis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates using lipases and glycosidases in green solvents

摘要

The wide use of carbohydrate-based compounds is the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, detergent and food industry has led to the development of efficient synthetic procedures to overcome many drawbacks of conventional synthetic methodologies such as protection/activation/deprotection steps. In this context, due to their high chemo-, regio- and stereoselectivity, enzymes offer very effective and sustainable possibilities, and thus, they are increasingly used in carbohydrate field. In addition, the combination of biocatalysis and the use of green solvents is becoming a real alternative, as many solvents provide interactions with enzymes improving their catalytic behaviour, and they both directly contribute to increase the processes sustainability. This review will provide recent examples of the enzymatic preparation of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates using a combination of hydrolases (lipase and glycosidases) and green solvents.