AbstractHLA‐A, ‐B, ‐C, ‐DR, and ‐DQ typings of the Schmiedeleut Hutterites of South Dakota were collected as part of an ongoing genetic‐epidemiologic study of HLA and fertility. A total of 1,082 individuals, including 852 married adults representative of the reproductive population of this isolate, were characterized for five‐locus HLA haplotypes. HLA‐A1, A2, A3, and A24 accounted for 75 of observed HLA‐A alleles and HLA‐B27, B35, B51, and B62 accounted for 55 of observed HLA‐B alleles. S‐leut Hutterites are derived from 68 or fewer ancestors. However, only 48 ancestral HLA haplotypes were observed and nine of these accounted for over 52 of the observed haplotypes. Measures of two‐locus linkage disequilibrium derived from these haplotypes indicated that one‐third to half of the observed HLA‐A/B, B/DR, and A/DR allele combinations exhibited highly statistically significant linkage disequilibrium. Allele and haplotype frequencies did not differ between males and females. Recombination rates of 0.004 and 0.005 between HLA‐A and ‐C and between HLA‐B and ‐DR, respectively, were observed. This HLA profile points out a paucity of HLA alleles and haplotypes in this population and marked linkage disequilibrium among the HLA allele
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