Risk of Hypersensitivity Reactions to Iopromide in Children and Elderly An Analysis of 132,850 Patients From 4 Observational Studies and Pharmacovigilance Covering 288 Million Administrations

摘要

Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the risk of hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to iopromide in children and elderly patients in comparison to adults. Materials and Methods Four observational studies were pooled and analyzed (analysis I). In addition, spontaneous reports from 1985 to 2020 from the pharmacovigilance database were evaluated (analysis II). All patients received iopromide for angiographic procedures or contrast-enhanced computed tomography in various indications. In analysis I, a nested case-control analysis, including a multivariable logistic regression model, based on pooled observational study data, was performed. Cases were defined as patients with a typical and unequivocal HSR; controls were patients without any recorded reaction. In analysis II, all spontaneous reports on HSRs after iopromide administration recorded in the pharmacovigilance database were descriptively analyzed. Exposure estimates on the size of the exposed age groups were derived from sales data and data from market research. The primary target variable was the risk of HSR to iopromide in children (= 65 years) compared with adults (>= 18 to 288 million iopromide administrations, 5.87, 114.18, and 167.97 million administrations were administered to children, elderly, and adults, respectively. The reporting rate for HSRs in children (0.0114) and elderly (0.0071) was significantly lower as compared with adults (0.0143) (P < 0.0001). Conclusions Hypersensitivity reactions to iopromide were significantly less frequent in children and elderly compared with adults.