The Accumulation of Cu, Co, and Mg Ions and Its Effect on the Growth of Darlingtonia californica Torr. In Vitro

摘要

The response of Darlingtonia californica Torr. on the effect of Cu, Co, and Mg ions in vitro is studied. The following concentrations of mineral salts are tested: 0.1 (control), 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mu M CuSO4 center dot 5H(2)O (which corresponds to 0.006, 0.6, 1.6, 3.2, 4.8, and 6.4 mg/L of water-soluble Cu ions); 0.1 (control), 10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 mu M CoCl2 center dot 6H(2)O (corresponding to 0.006, 0.6, 1.5, 3.0, 4.4, and 5.9 mg/L of water-soluble Co ions); and 1500 (control), 4500, 7500, 10500, and 15 000 mu M MgSO4 center dot 7H(2)O (corresponding to 36, 108, 181, 253, and 362 mg/L of water-soluble Mg ions). The results show a direct significant correlation between the accumulation of Cu, Co, and Mg ions in D. californica plants depending on their content in nutrient solutions. The maximum accumulation of ions is found after 45 days of cultivation, Cu-138.24 mg/kg of dry matter, Co-249.92 mg/kg, and Mg-4722.26 mg/kg. It is shown that the concentrations used do not significantly affect the parameters of plant growth and development in vitro. Morphological and anatomical studies confirm the high level of ecological adaptation of this species to extreme conditions. In addition, the plants do not require specific cultural conditions; they are able to grow on nutrient media rich in mineral composition at a temperature of 24 +/- 1 degrees C and do not require low positive temperatures for the root system. The results show that D. californica plants are able to accumulate Cu, Co, and Mg ions and tolerate high concentrations of these elements in nutrient media in vitro, but they are not characterized by an increased need for these elements for normal growth and development.