We investigate the potential of liquid hydrogen storage (LH2) on-board Class-8 heavy duty trucks to resolve many of the range, weight, volume, refueling time and cost issues asso-ciated with 350 or 700-bar compressed H2 storage in Type-3 or Type-4 composite tanks. We present and discuss conceptual storage system configurations capable of supplying H2 to fuel cells at 5-bar with or without on-board LH2 pumps. Structural aspects of storing LH2 in double walled, vacuum insulated, and low-pressure Type-1 tanks are investigated. Struc-tural materials and insulation methods are discussed for service at cryogenic temperatures and mitigation of heat leak to prevent LH2 boil-off. Failure modes of the liner and shell are identified and analyzed using the regulatory codes and detailed finite element (FE) methods. The conceptual systems are subjected to a failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA) and a safety, codes, and standards (SCS) review to rank failures and identify safety gaps. The results indicate that the conceptual systems can reach 19.6 useable gravimetric capacity, 40.9 g-H2/L useable volumetric capacity and $174-183/kg-H2 cost (2016 USD) when manufactured 100,000 systems annually.(c) 2022 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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