Abstract Recently, we are witnessing an enormous burst of data due to the ever-increasing number of Internet of Things (IoT) devices. The traditional cloud computing paradigm has failed to scale; to be specific, its latency and bandwidth utilization are remarkably increased and consequently, Quality of Service (QoS) is decreased. On the other hand, the data management scope in fog computing require much more considerations in terms of performance and scalability. This is because of deploying IoT applications over fog nodes considering their resource-limited and heterogeneity. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is not any literature review that systematically categorizes these issues. In this paper, we have presented a classification of data replica placement approaches considering four main categories: framework-based, graph-based, heuristic-based, and meta-heuristic-based algorithms. To sum up, the primary contribution of this study is as follows: studying articles on data replica placement in fog computing, as well as presenting their strengths and weaknesses, providing a comprehensive systematic review of current approaches and categorizing them comprehensively, discussing research challenges, and future works to improve computing and evaluation mechanisms in the fog computing environment. This paper generally provides a classification, briefly explains the reviewed techniques, and then compares these methods in the end.
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