Association of residential greenness with the risk of metabolic syndrome in Chinese older adults: a longitudinal cohort study

摘要

Aims We aimed to investigate the association between residential greenness and MetS in older Chinese adults. Methods Longitudinal data on sociodemographic characteristics and lifestyle were collected from the Shenzhen Healthy Ageing Research (SHARE) cohort. Greenness exposure was assessed through satellite-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values in the 250-m, 500-m, and 1250-m radius around the residential address for each participant. MetS was defined by standard guidelines for the Chinese population. Results A total of 49,893 older Chinese adults with a mean age of 70.96 (SD = 5.26) years were included in the study. In the fully adjusted models, participants who lived in the highest quartile of NDVI250-m, NDVI500-m, and NDVI1250-m had a 15 (odds ratio, OR = 0.85, 95 confidence interval, CI: 0.80-0.90), 12 (OR = 0.88, 95 CI: 0.83-0.93), and 11 (OR = 0.89, 95 CI: 0.85-0.95) lower incidence of MetS, respectively, than those living in the lowest quartile (all p-(trend) < 0.01). Interactions and subgroup analyses showed that age, sex, smoking status, and drinking status were significant effect modifiers (p-(interaction) for all NDVI < 0.05). Conclusions Residential greenness is associated with a lower risk of MetS in Chinese older adults, especially for young older adults, females, non-smokers, and non-drinkers.