Around the world, hydrogen (H_2) is growing in prominence as an alternative fuel. Unlike the combustion of fossil fuels, the combustion of hydrogen does not produce noxious or greenhouse gases (GHGs). It only generates heat and water. Hydrogen gas is not naturally available, as hydrogen atoms are only found bonded with other atoms in molecules such as methane (CH4) and water (H_2O). However, hydrogen gas can be produced by separating hydrogen atoms from these molecules. For example, steam-methane reformation can produce hydrogen from natural gas, and electrolysis can separate hydrogen from oxygen atoms in water. Less than 0.1 of the world's hydrogen is currently produced using electrolysis. However, there is increasing global interest using electrolysis to produce "green" hydrogen - "green" because renewable energy is used to generate the electrolysis, thereby limiting carbon dioxide emissions. Green hydrogen can provide a clean alternative fuel source and could therefore play an important role in supporting a global energy transition towards net-zero emissions.
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