While Germany and France represent two opposite poles in the argument, there are important developments elsewhere in Europe. 1. Switzerland has two small PWRs, one large PWR, and one large BWR. Two of the PWRs provide steam for district heating, in addition to electricity. The country retired one unit in December 2019 and has decided not to build more. But there is no hard deadline for retiring the remaining units. 2. The Czech Republic operates six reactors, all Soviet-era pressurized water models, which produce about one-third of its electricity. The government is committed to new nuclear and is planning to build a Generation III+ reactor, with construction beginning in 2029 at the Dukovany site, where four units are already in operation. When it is finished in 2036, the nuclear share of the national electricity supply will rise to 40 percent. The government is also exploring the possibility of small modular reactors.
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