The famous German author and playwright Bertolt Brecht lived in exile in Denmark from 1933 to 1939. During the last years of his stay, he was directly and indirectly involved with physicists at Niels Bohr's Institute for Theoretical Physics in Copenhagen. In the spring of 1938, he had a meeting with Christian Moller concerning his plan to write what became The Life of Galileo. Later, in the early months of 1939, Brecht became aware of and interested in the discovery of uranium fission, in part spurred by a radio broadcast with Moller and other physicists. The paper reconstructs what happened in Copenhagen and discusses how the events influenced Brecht's writing of Galileo and his views on science and society. It also reconsiders how he was to some extent inspired by Albert Einstein and made theatrical use of the ideas of the great physicist.
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