Evaluative analysis for standardized protection criteria against single and multiple lightning strikes in hybrid PV-wind energy systems

摘要

Lightning protection analysis for hybrid PV-wind energy systems have suffered from lack of coverage in the study of suitability of lightning protection standards for them. The paper aims to address this point and present evaluative analysis for the application of the standardized criteria to these systems. A hybrid system was modeled on PSCAD software and was subjected to single and multiple direct 1/200 mu s negative, positive 10/350 mu s lightning strikes upon PV array and wind tower and indirect 8/20 mu s strikes upon AC aide of PV. SPDs were selected and placed based on standards. The results showed indirect strikes did not cause any failures but the failures were mainly for direct 50 kA strikes. A risk of failure factor was defined to measure the probability of failure of SPDs which were found to be in range of 1.85 to 20.85. The results showed the shortage due to application of the standards in hybrid systems. The proposed recommendations succeeded in reducing risk of failure factor from 20.85 to 1.85. The novelty of this paper lies in addressing the serious gap in literature regarding the suitability of application of lightning protection standards to hybrid systems, showing their drawbacks and presenting effective recommendations.