India has approximately 512 million livestock as per the 19th Livestock census. Milk is the largest agricultural commodity in India. The value of only milk was more than 8 lakh crores as compared to 4.5 lakh erores of all grains and pulses together for the year 2019-2020. Of the total livestock population, about 60°/< arc cattle and buffaloes, which comparatively emit more enteric methane than any other livestock species. Livestock contribute directly as well as indirectly to global GHG pool. Emissions from livestock supply chains originate from four main processes - enteric fermentation, manure management, feed production and energy consumption. Livestock manure contributes directly and indirectly to greenhouse gas production, Manure from livestock includes both dung and urine. Manure management plays a key role in amount of methane and nitrous oxide produced and liberated into the environment. Livestock undoubtedly needs to be a priority focus of attention as the global community seeks to address the challenge of climate change. Dairy animals are both a victim and cause for carbon emission and climate change. The two primary sources of GHG from livestock are enteric fermentation and manure management.
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