An 87-year-old previously healthy woman presented with a 5-day history of hematuria, dysuria and lower abdominal fullness. She denied nausea, bowel habit change, body weight loss and fever. Her medical and family history, as well as physical and laboratory examinations were unremarkable. After left side hydronephrosis seen in ultrason-ography, the subsequent computed tomography (Figures 1 and 2) further disclosed duplicated left kidney with the normal excretory upper moiety (black arrowhead), along with the hydronephrosis (white arrowhead) caused by tumor infiltration involving upper ureter of the lower moiety (white arrow). The diagnosis of urothelial cell carcinoma was established by urine cytological examination. Concerning her old age and advanced cancer stage, the patient only received radiotherapy, and died 6 months later.
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