Background: Posttraumatic growth (PTG) represents a positive personal change after adverse events, such as natural disasters, including earthquake. However, the association between exposure to earthquake and level of PTG is still unknown. Thus, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analyses (MA) is to assess the level of PTG in people exposed to earthquake. Methods: Studies were identified via Scopus, PsycInfo, Web of Science, PubMed, EMBASE, ProQuest, Cochran Library, Ovid, Google Scholar, OpenGrey, congress, and conferences research papers. The level of PTG was presented as mean and standard deviation. Subgroup analyses were conducted to control for the amount of time that had passed since stressor onset and age of the study population. The meta-regression was used to explore the sources of between-study heterogeneity, including sample size and age. Results: The MA of all 21 studies using no restrictions related to age and time of the PTG measurement since traumatic event showed low level of PTG (41.71; 95CI = 34.26; 49.16, I~2: 62.44, p: .000). Subgroup analyses controlled for the age demonstrated that level of PTG was higher in adults (49.47; 95 CI = 42.35; 56.58, I~2: 0, p = .466) when compared to children and adolescents (35.38; 95 CI = 23.65; 47.1, I~2: 69.09, p <.00). Moreover, the pooled weight mean of PTG measured 1 year and less than 1 year since the earthquake varied between medium (46.04; 95CI = 34.45; 57.6, I~2:51.2, p: .037) and high (59.03; 95CI = 41.46; 76., I~2: 0, p: .990) levels, respectively. Conclusion: The results of our MA showed low level of PTG in earthquake survivors. However, the mean value of PTG in adults was higher when compared to children and adolescents. In addition, the mean PTG was found to decrease over time since traumatic events.
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机译：背景：创伤后成长 （PTG） 代表不良事件（例如自然灾害（包括地震））后的积极个人变化。然而，暴露于地震与PTG水平之间的关联仍然未知。因此，本系统评价和荟萃分析 （MA） 的目的是评估暴露于地震的人的 PTG 水平。方法：通过Scopus、PsycInfo、Web of Science、PubMed、EMBASE、ProQuest、Cochran Library、Ovid、Google Scholar、OpenGrey、congress和会议研究论文确定研究。PTG的水平以平均值和标准差表示。进行亚组分析以控制自压力源开始以来经过的时间和研究人群的年龄。meta回归用于探索研究间异质性的来源，包括样本量和年龄。结果：所有21项研究的MA均未对创伤事件的PTG测量年龄和时间进行限制，结果显示PTG水平较低（41.71;95%CI=34.26;49.16，I~2：62.44%，p：.000）。对照年龄的亚组分析表明，与儿童和青少年（35.38;95% CI = 23.65;47.1，I~2：69.09%，p <.00）相比，成人的PTG水平更高（49.47;95% CI = 42.35;56.58，I~2：0%，p .00）。此外，PTG在地震后1年和不到1年的合并重量平均值在中等（46.04;95%CI = 34.45;57.6，I~2：51.2%，p：.037）和高（59.03;95%CI = 41.46;76.，I~2：0%，p：.990）水平。结论：评估结果显示，地震幸存者PTG水平较低。然而，与儿童和青少年相比，成人PTG的平均值更高。此外，发现自创伤事件发生以来，平均 PTG 会随着时间的推移而降低。
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