We describe a case of Langerhans cell histiocytosis involving the bilateral pleura on FDG PET/CT. Multiple pleural nodules were detected by CT in a 38-year-old woman with chest pain and night sweats. Malignant tumors were suspected. PET/CT showed abnormal FDG uptake in those pleural lesions. No other abnormal foci were seen in the rest of the whole body. A primary pleural disease was considered. Then the histopathologic findings after biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of Langerhans cell histiocytosis.
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