There is growing international attention to the goal of universal energy access. Despitethis, large financial gaps remain a major obstacle for realizing global energy justice for allcommunities. Drawing on political theories of global distributive justice, this articledevelops and applies a framework for how multilateral development assistance for energyprojects can be evaluated in relation to three guiding principles. First, the global differenceprinciple asserts that resources should be distributed to maximize the condition of theleast well-off humans. Second, the local benefits principle asserts that resources should bedistributed in ways that enhance the public goods of local communities, particularly thosethat are historically marginalized. Third, the global equality of opportunity principle asserts thatall social groups and states have the capabilities to equitably access institutional structuresrelevant to the distribution of resources.We apply this framework to an analysis of financefor all energy projects within the Green Climate Fund (GCF) from 2015 to 2018. In doingso, we offer a nuanced understanding of the successes and failures regarding the performanceof the GCF’s energy portfolio in relation to global distributive justice.
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