Prevalence and predictors of uncontrolled hypertension, diabetes, and obesity among adults with HIV in northern Tanzania

摘要

HIV is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but therehas been less study of cardiovascular comorbidities among people withHIV in sub-Saharan Africa. In a cross-sectional observational study,Tanzanian adults presenting for outpatient HIV care completed aquestionnaire and underwent weight, height, blood pressure, and bloodglucose measurement. Hypertension was defined by blood pressure≥140/90 mmHg or self-reported hypertension. Uncontrolledhypertension was defined as measured blood pressure ≥140/90 mmHg.Diabetes was defined by fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dl, random glucose≥200 mg/dl, or self-reported diabetes. Obesity was defined by bodymass index ≥30 kg/m2. Multivariate logistic regression was performedto identify predictors of uncontrolled hypertension. Among 500participants, 173 (34.6) had hypertension, 21 (4.2) had diabetes, and99 (19.8) were obese. Of those with hypertension, 116 (67.1) wereunaware of their hypertension, and 155 (89.6) had uncontrolledhypertension. In multivariate analysis, uncontrolled hypertension wasassociated with older age (OR 1.07, 95 CI: 1.05–1.10, p < 0.001) andhigher body mass index (OR 1.17, 95 CI: 1.11–1.22, p < 0.001).Interventions are needed to improve screening and treatment forhypertension, diabetes, and obesity among Tanzanians with HIV.