Longevity/Sustainability/Durability of grasslands? The sustainability of grasslands - from the concept to its operability for the farmer

摘要

Grasslands, whether sown or permanent, grazed or mowed, are the basis of herbivore production systems aiming at economy and autonomy. With the uncertainties linked to climate change, to the socio-economic context, but also with regard to society's expectations in terms of ecosystem services, the sustainability of grasslands is becoming an important concern for farmers and land managers. However, the very notion of sustainability of grasslands is not explicit and needs to be clarified. Are we looking for the fact that temporary cover allows for quantitative and qualitative biomass production, or for the fact that a grassland cover can meet the farmer's objectives in the long term? This article presents some elements of reflection to better understand the objectives and expectations of the different actors, the biological components of grassland sustainability at different scales (plants, plant communities, farms), in order to better understand the keys to improving this sustainability. This panorama is an introduction to the theme "Valuing, Maintaining and Ensuring the Sustainability of Grasslands" that the papers that will be presented during these AFPF 2022 days will allow to develop, illustrate and deepen.