Effects of resistance training on muscle strength, body composition and immune-inflammatory markers in people living with HIV: a systematic review and Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

摘要

Purpose: The purpose of this review is to evaluate the effect of resistance training (RT) as a unique intervention on muscle strength, body composition, and immune-inflammatory markers in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Methods: The searches were conducted in seven databases and included published randomized clinical trials that assessed the effect of RT vs. no exercise on muscle strength, body composition, and immune-inflammatory markers in PLHIV until June 2021. Random effects meta-analyses of mean differences (MD) and their 95 confidence intervals (CI) were performed, and the effect size was estimated by Hedges' g test. Results: Seven RCTs were included (n = 258 PLHIV) and the study duration lasted between six and 24 weeks. In comparison to no exercise, RT improved muscle strength in bench press (MD 10.69 kg, 95IC 3.44 to 17.93, p = 0.004, g = 2.42) and squat (MD 22.66 kg, 95IC 7.82 to 37.50, p = 0.003, g = 3.8) exercises, lean body mass (MD 2.96 kg, 95CI 0.98 to 4.94, p = 0.003, g = 1.99), fat body mass(MD -2.67 kg; 95CI -4.95 to -0.39, p = 0.02, g = -0.99), body fat percentage (MD -3.66, 95CI -6.04 to -1.29, p = 0.003, g = -1.99) and CD4(+) cells count(MD 100.15 cells/mm(3), 95CI 12.21 to 188.08, p = 0.03, g = 2.91) in PLHIV. There was no effect of RT on IL-6 (MD -1.18 pg/mL, 95CI -3.71 to 1.35, p = 0.36, g = 0.001) and TNF-alpha (MD -4.76 pg/mL, 95CI -10.81 to 1.29, p = 0.12, g = -1.3) concentrations in PLHIV. Conclusions: RT as a unique intervention improves muscle strength, body composition and CD4(+) count cells in PLHIV.