Is this dog excited, scared or something else?

摘要

We share an intertwining history with dogs, dating back many tens of thousands of years. This longstanding relationship may breed complacency in our interactions with them and interpretations of their responses. In veterinary practice, we tend to assume that we are proficient in interpreting canine behaviour, in deciphering their facial expressions, vocalisations and body language. This is however often an overestimation of our ability, particularly in relation to aggressive and anxious responses.