The Effect of Transmembrane Pressure and Diffusion of Essential Substances on the Transformation of the Structure in Polymer Films of UPM-100 and PP-190 Type

摘要

The effect of the transmembrane pressure and diffusion of essential substances on the transformation of the structure in polymer membranes of UPM-100 and PP-190 type is studied in this work. It is found by thermal methods that the processes of reduction of the weight of the samples of the working films by about 15 for PP-190 and 13 for UPM-100 that are observed at 160-220 degrees C are determined by the destruction of the polymer molecules of the drainage layer. The analysis of the TG and DSC curves of the initial and working samples of the films of UPM-100 and PP-190 makes it possible to note that the transmembrane pressure and diffusion of essential substances mainly induce destruction of the molecules of the amorphous phase of the drainage layer with an insignificant decrease in the crystallinity of the polymer matrix. X-ray structural studies reveal that, in a UPM-100 composite film, transmembrane pressure initiates the conformation of the crystallites of the polymer PETF matrix with the orientation of the (a) and (b) crystallographic axes at a certain angle to the surface of the film, as well as of the macromolecule chains parallel to the surface of the film. Comparisons of the data of X-ray diffraction analysis show that substantial changes in the microstructure of the samples of the working films occur in the intercrystalline amorphous phase as a result of the conformation of the lamellar crystallites; here, the degrees of crystallinity of the polymer PP and PETF matrices decrease by similar to 10.