Allografts have been routinely used for immediate grafting of extraction sites as modalities of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP). Solvent-dehydrated bone allograft (SDBA), which is commonly utilized for socket grafting, exists in the form of cortical and cancellous particles. This study aims to provide a histologic comparison of cortical and cancellous SDBA for ARP. A total of 35 extraction sockets were allocated to receive either a cortical (17 sites) or cancellous (18 sites) SDBA, followed by application of a resorbable collagen wound dressing in both groups. At approximately 4 months, a bone core biopsy sample was obtained during implant placement. Histomorphometric assessment was then conducted to compare the differences between both forms of SDBA. Within its limitations, a higher percentage of vital bone was observed in the cortical bone group compared to the cancellous bone group (28.6 vs 20.1, respectively, P = .042), while there was a lack of statistically significant differences among other fractions of the bone biopsy sample (residual graft particles and nonmineralized tissues such as connective tissue or other components). Int J Periodontics Restorative Dent 2022;42:215-223. doi: 10.11607/prd.5563
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