The exercise involved 200 civilian and military personnel from the FASF and NATO Space Commands as well as the Air Forces of the US, Germany, Italy and Belgium involved. They simulated a scenario comprising 23 space missions directly and indirectly involving over 5,000 simulated space objects such as satellites. Coordination with the large-scale joint forces exercise ,Orion' of the French Armed Forces and the participation of service personnel of foreign air forces such as German Air Force made this exercise different from its previous editions. Holding AsterX-23 in conjunction and coordination with the Joint Forces Exercise Orion tested the interoperability of space operations command and control (C2) with the other C2 structures and was aimed at validating the methods for obtaining combined effects on the ground. To increase its efficiency and realism, the exercise took place in real time, as opposed to the accelerated time adopted in previous editions. Thus, it gained in tactical realism during the phases of data processing and space situations analysis. AsterX-23 was based on a specially designed technical platform, enriched with new functionalities and a scenario that included 23 space events including one in the cyber domain. The French National Centre for Space Studies (ONES) and all of its industrial partners (Agenium, Airbus, Ariane Group, Crisotech, Exotrail, MBDA, Onera, Safran and Sopra steria) were fully engaged in the exercise which also remained open to the international partners of FASF such as German Air Force (Luftwaffe) in-order to strengthen the operational cooperation of the Space Command of FASF in the space domain.
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