Thermochromic Halide Perovskite Windows with Ideal Transition Temperatures

摘要

Urban centers across the globe are responsible for a significant fraction ofenergy consumption and CO_2 emission. As urban centers continue to grow,the popularity of glass as cladding material in urban buildings is an alarmingtrend. Dynamic windows reduce heating and cooling loads in buildings bypassive heating in cold seasons and mitigating solar heat gain in hot seasons.Here, reduced energy consumption in highly glazed buildings in a mesoscopicbuilding energy model is demonstrated when thermochromic windowsare employed. Savings are realized across eight disparate climate zones of theUnited States. The model is used to determine ideal critical transition temperaturesof 20–27.5 ℃ for thermochromic windows based on metal halideperovskite materials. Ideal transition temperatures are realized experimentallyin composite metal halide perovskite films composed of perovskite crystalsand an adjacent reservoir phase. The transition temperature is controlled bycointercalating methanol, instead of water, with methylammonium iodideand tailoring the hydrogen-bonding chemistry of the reservoir phase. Thermochromicwindows based on metal halide perovskites represent a clearopportunity to mitigate the effects of energy-hungry buildings.